ʻO Hieronymus Bosch ka māla o nā mea leʻaleʻa honua. 5 puʻupuʻu hoihoi loa o ka pena

ʻO ka "Garden of Earthly Delights" a Bosch ka pena kiʻi kupanaha loa o ka Middle Ages. Ua piha i nā hōʻailona hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ke kanaka hou. He aha ke ʻano o kēia mau manu nunui a me nā hua, nā moʻo a me nā holoholona kupanaha? Ma hea kahi e peʻe ai nā kāne ʻino loa? A he aha ke ʻano o nā memo i pena ʻia ma ka hoki o ke kanaka hewa?

E ʻimi i nā pane ma nā ʻatikala:

ʻO ke kīhāpai o ka honua ʻo Bosch. He aha ke ʻano o ke kiʻi maikaʻi loa o ka Middle Ages.

"7 o nā mea pohihihi loa o ka pena" Garden of Earthly Delights "na Bosch."

ʻO 5 mau mea pohihihi kiʻekiʻe loa o ka māla o ka honua ʻoluʻolu o Bosch.

kahua “Diary of pena. Ma kēlā me kēia kiʻi he moʻolelo, he hopena, he mea pohihihi.

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ʻO Bosch's Garden of Earthly Delights (1510) kekahi o nā kiʻi pena pohihihi loa i hana ʻia. Kakaʻikahi ʻo ia e haʻalele i kekahi me ka manaʻo ʻole.

Akā, ʻoiai ua hana ʻia ʻo ia i 500 mau makahiki i hala, ʻaʻole maopopo loa kona manaʻo iā mākou. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻokoʻa loa ka ʻike honua hou mai ka medieval, e pili ana i ka hoʻomana orthodox. No laila, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka "rebus" o Bosch i ka pōʻaiapili o kona au.

ʻO kēia kaʻu e hoʻāʻo ai e pane i nā nīnau 5 o ke kiʻi.

1. No ke aha i like ai ke kanaka hewa ma Gehena me Eva ma Paradaiso?

Ua ʻike au aia ka wahine hoʻokahi ma nā ʻēheu ʻekolu o ka triptych. Ua like loa ʻo Eva i loko o ka Paradaiso me ka wahine i loko o ke kīhāpai ʻoliʻoli a me kekahi o ka poʻe hewa ma Gehena.

He kanaka haipule ʻo Bosch, no laila ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hōʻike i ke "ala mai ka lani i Gehena" o ka mea hewa mua loa ma ka Honua.

E like me kā mākou i ʻike ai ma ka Baibala, ua ʻai ʻo Eva i ka ʻāpala mai ka lāʻau kapu ʻia i lilo ai e like me ke Akua, me ka ʻike i ka maikaʻi a me ka hewa. Ua hoʻolohe ʻole ʻo ia i kāna mea nāna i hana, ua hāʻule i ka hewa mua o ke kanaka - haʻaheo.

Ua mihi ʻo Eva, akā ua lohi loa. ʻAʻole hiki ke kipaku ʻia mai ka Paradaiso. Ua kauoha ke Akua iā Eva lāua ʻo ʻAdamu e ola i ko lāua ola honua a hele i Gehena, kahi e noho ai lāua ma mua o 5000 mau makahiki ma mua o ka hiki ʻana mai.

I loko o ka māla o nā mea ʻoliʻoli, ʻaʻole komo ʻo Eva i nā mea e hana nei. Ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻo ia i kona mau maka i kona mihi ʻana i kāna hewa. Pua ʻalohi ma kona poʻo. He hōʻailona paha kēia o ka hoʻokaʻawale a me ka makemake ʻole e ʻōlelo i kekahi mea, e like me ke kūpono o ke kanaka haʻahaʻa.

Akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻi ʻia, a pau ʻo Eva i Gehena. Maanei ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia ʻo ia no kona haʻaheo. No laila, pono ʻo ia e nānā i kona noʻonoʻo ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi i pau ʻole kona haʻahaʻa. Loaʻa iā ia kahi koʻi ma kona umauma, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka Middle Ages he hōʻailona o ka haʻalulu a me ka lapuwale ʻole.

I loko o Gehena, ʻo Eva paha ka helehelena haʻahaʻa a mālie. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua ʻike ʻo ia e hiki mai ana ʻo ia ma ʻaneʻi.

2. He aha ke ʻano o ka poʻe i loko o ke kīhāpai leʻaleʻa e noho nei i loko o kahi koko?

Ma ke kihi ʻākau haʻahaʻa o ka Garden of Delights (ke kikowaena o ka triptych) ʻike mākou i ʻekolu poʻe e nānā ana i waho o ka dugout. Hōʻike ʻia ko lākou kino e ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lauoho. ʻO wai lākou?

Me he mea lā, he poʻe hihiu kēia. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka poʻe ʻāhiu me ke kapa ʻole, ua uhi ʻia ko lākou kino i ka lauoho, koe wale ka maka a me ka ʻāʻī, nā lima, nā wāwae, nā kuli a me nā umauma i nā wahine.

ʻO ke kumuhana o ka poʻe hihiu he mea punahele i ka Middle Ages. ʻIke pinepine ʻia kā lākou mau kiʻi ma nā tapestries a me nā kīʻaha o ka Middle Ages.

No ka poʻe maʻamau, he poʻe ʻino lākou, ʻoi aku ka manuahi ma ke ʻano o ke aloha a me ke ola ma ka laulā. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha, ua hōʻike ʻo Bosch iā lākou i kahi kiʻi pena i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka hewa o ka voluptuousness. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, he hōʻailona lākou o ke kuko a me nā leʻaleʻa kino.

Ma ke ala, ʻo ke kanaka hihiu i hōʻike ʻia i ka pena kiʻi a Bosch ua like loa ia me ka mea ʻino mai ka miniature o Jean Bourdichon (1457-1521), he mea kiʻi kiʻi o nā psalters a me nā puke hola o nā kenekulia 15-16.

Hiki iaʻu ke manaʻo ua hana ʻia ke kiʻi a Bourdichon ma mua o ka "Garden of Earthly Delights" a ua lawe ʻia e Bosch i kumu no ke kākau ʻana i kāna poʻe hihiu.

3. No ke aha i loaʻa ai i nā monsters Bosch, e like me ka "hodgepodge", nā ʻāpana o nā mea ola like ʻole?

Ua piha ʻo Bosch Hell i nā monsters. He aha ka waiwai ka daimonio nui loa me ke alo kanaka, he kino hua manu a me na wawae laau. ʻAʻole i emi iki nā monsters liʻiliʻi, e like me ka laʻana, he mea me ke poʻo o ka manu, nā ʻēheu butterfly a me nā lālā manamana ʻekolu (ma nā wāwae-lāʻau o kahi hua daimonio).

He manaʻo ia no ka poʻe o Bosch i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ke Akua. A ʻo nā mea a pau he ʻano ʻino a maikaʻi ʻole, he mamo ia na ka Diabolo.

No laila, i mea e hoʻokūpaʻa ai i ke ʻano diabolical o ka mea i hana ʻia e like me ka hiki, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he poʻo pae. A ua hoʻokō ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā huelo iʻa i nā hares, a me nā manu - he snail ma kahi o ke poʻo.

Inā wehe ʻoe i kekahi puke o ka Middle Ages, ma kona mau ʻaoʻao e ʻike ʻoe i nā mea ʻē aʻe-mea hoʻolālā.

Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

I ka manawa o Bosch, nui nā kiʻi o nā monsters a me nā mea ʻino. Ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi mea liʻiliʻi mai kahi puke kiaʻi medieval, i hana ʻia ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o Bosch.

Ma laila mākou e ʻike ai i Gehena, e piha ana me nā daimonio. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou i ko lākou ʻano maʻamau - nā daimonio me nā kiwi a me nā huelo. Eia naʻe, i waena o lākou aia kekahi monster i loko o ka ʻuhane o Bosch.

Ma ka hema, ʻike mākou i kahi daimonio e hou ana i ka mea hewa me ka trident. Ua like ia me ka lele ʻole ʻēheu, hoʻokahi pepeiaohao a me ka nuku manu.

ʻO kēia mau kiʻi paha i hoʻoikaika iā Bosch e hana i kāna "Hell".

E heluhelu e pili ana i nā daimonio hoihoi loa o Bosch mai ka Garden of Earthly Delights ma ka ʻatikala "ʻO nā monsters nui loa o ke kiʻi."

4. He aha ka hoailona ma na pahi nunui ma Gehena?

Ma Bosch Hell, ʻike mākou i kekahi mau pahi nunui. I ka manawa o ka mea pena kiʻi, hoʻohana ʻia nā pahi ʻaʻole wale i ka lumi kuke, akā no ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana i nā ʻaihue. ʻOki lākou i ko lākou mau pepeiao. No laila, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pahi ma Gehena me nā pepeiao nunui e kī.

Akā he aha ke ʻano o ka hōʻailona ma ke ʻano o ka leka "M" a i ʻole ka leka "B" ma kēia mau pahi?

I nā kenekulia 15 a me 16, ua hana ʻia nā pahi ma ke kūlanakauhale hānau o ka mea pena kiʻi ʻo Hertongenbosch, i kūʻai ʻia aku ma waho o Holland. No laila, ua lawe ʻia lākou i Sepania a me Scandinavia. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau pahi.

No laila, hiki iaʻu ke manaʻo e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka leka "B", e like me ka leka mua o ka inoa pōkole o ke kūlanakauhale. Loaʻa kēia hōʻailona ma ka pahi i nā hana ʻē aʻe a Bosch, no ka laʻana, ma ka pena "The Last Judgment".

5. ʻO ka mea pohihihi nui o ka pena kiʻi a Bosch: no ke aha i loaʻa ai nā kikoʻī he nui?

ʻO kēlā me kēia mea i ʻike i nā kiʻi pena a Bosch, mahalo ʻia e ka nui o nā kikoʻī i nui i kāna hana. Nui ka nui o ia mau mea e hoʻonanea wale ana.

He mea pena kiʻi ʻo Bosch i kona wā a ua hāʻule maoli i kona mana. A i kona manawa, he mea maʻamau ka huki ʻana i nā kikoʻī āpau.

Ua lawa ka wehe ʻana i kekahi puke mai ka manawa o Bosch e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka mana o kēia ʻano kiʻi ma o ke kaha kiʻi ʻana o nā kikoʻī he nui.

Eia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua wale nō mai ka Hours of Anne of Brittany.

ʻO nā kiʻi pena o ka Middle Ages e like me ka hana ʻana i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi loa. Manaʻo mākou i kēia ma ka nānā ʻana i ka hana a Jan van Eyck lāua ʻo Robert Kampen. Ua kākau wau e pili ana i ka pena o ka "Saint Barbara" hope loa ma ka ʻatikala "7 kiʻi pena o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Prado pono e ʻike".

ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka hana a Bosch no kona mau hoa. A ua hoʻohana nā mea hana kiʻi ʻē aʻe o kona manawa i ka nui o nā kikoʻī, nā hōʻailona a me nā mea ʻike ʻole i kā lākou hana.

ʻOiai ʻo Bosch i lawe nui mai kona mau hoa a hoʻoili iā ia i kāna mau kiʻi pena, pono kekahi e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona akamai. Eia nō naʻe, he haku kaulana ʻole ʻo ia i ka hōʻailona a me nā nane, ʻoiai no kona manawa.

E pili ana i ka pena kiʻi a Bosch "Garden of Earthly Delights" e heluhelu pū i ka ʻatikala:

 "7 mea pohihihi kupaianaha o ka māla o nā mea leʻaleʻa honua"

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Comments poe heluhelu e ae e nana malalo. Hoʻohui pinepine lākou i kahi ʻatikala. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kaʻana like i kou manaʻo e pili ana i ka pena pena a me ka mea pena, a me ka nīnau ʻana i ka mea kākau i nīnau.