ʻO Joan Miro. Artist-poet

"Ke ho'āʻo nei au e hoʻohana i nā waihoʻoluʻu ma ke ʻano he mau huaʻōlelo i haku ʻia nā mele." Joan Miro

ʻO Joan Miro ka abstractionism a me ka surrealism i hoʻokahi hue. Kau ʻia me nā mele a me nā kiʻi. Hoʻohana Pablo Picasso и ʻO Salvador Dali, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke noho ma ko lākou malu. E hana i kāu ʻano ʻokoʻa ponoʻī.

Ua hānau ʻia ka mea pena e hiki mai ana ma Barcelona i ka makahiki 1893. Ua hōʻike ʻo Joan i ka hoihoi i ke kaha kiʻi mai ka wā kamaliʻi. Akā, ua paʻa nā mākua koʻikoʻi e hāʻawi i kā lākou keiki i ka hoʻonaʻauao koʻikoʻi.

I ka makahiki 17, loaʻa ʻo Joan, ma ke koi ʻana o kona makuakāne, i kahi hana ma ke ʻano he mea helu kōkua.

ʻO ka monotonous, ʻaʻohe o ka hana noʻonoʻo he hopena pōʻino i ke olakino o Joan. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka luhi hopohopo, ua maʻi ʻo ia me ka typhus.

Ua lawe ʻo Joan i hoʻokahi makahiki no ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻōla ʻana mai ka maʻi. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo hou nā mākua i ko lākou manaʻo i kā lākou keiki. A ma hope, ua komo ʻo ia i ke poʻo i ke akamai.

Nā hana mua. Fauvism a me Cubism

Makemake nui ke kanaka ʻōpio i ka modernism. Ua hoihoi nui ʻia ʻo ia i ka Fauvism a me Cubism.

Hōʻike ʻia ka Fauvism e ka ʻōlelo a me nā kala "wild". ʻO ka ʻelele mālamalama o Fauvism - Henri Matisse. ʻO Cubism kahi kiʻi maʻalahi o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kiʻi i nā ʻāpana geometric. Maanei ua hoʻoikaika nui ʻia ʻo Miro e Picasso.

Hema: Henri Matisse. Iʻa gula. 1911 Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin, Moscow. ʻĀkau: Pablo Picasso. Violin. 1912 Ibid. hale kiʻi kiʻi.ru.

Hāʻawi ʻo Miró i kāna mau kiʻi pena mua i nā nani o Catalonia. Aia ma kona mau ʻāina nā māla maoli, nā ʻāina mahiʻai, nā kauhale. He hui kupaianaha o Fauvism a me Cubism.

Ma ka "Village Prades" hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maʻalahi iā Matisse a me Picasso. ʻAʻole kēia ka Miro a mākou i ʻike ai. Ke ʻimi nei ʻo ia iā ia iho.

A ʻaʻole ʻike ka lehulehu iā ia. ʻO kāna hōʻike mua i ka makahiki 1917 i hāʻule pōʻino. ʻIke ʻia ʻaʻole mākaukau ʻo Sepania conservative no ia kiʻi. ʻO nā ʻōlelo a kekahi mea hoʻohewa e pili ana iā Miro, ua iho mai iā mākou: “Inā he pena kēia, a laila Velazquez".

poetic realism

Ua hoʻoholo ʻo Miro e hoʻololi i kona ʻano. Kahaha nui oe. No ka mea ua hoʻomaka ka mea pena e hana i ke ʻano o ka poetic realism.

Ua pena ʻo ia i nā ʻāina, i hana ʻia me ke akahele a me nā kikoʻī. Akā ʻaʻole ia he kiʻi kiʻi. ʻAʻohe ʻekolu-dimensionality a maʻalahi hoʻololi mai ka mālamalama a i ke aka. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, palahalaha ke kiʻi. A ʻo kēlā me kēia kikoʻī me he mea lā he ola nona iho.

ʻO ka pena kaulana loa o Miró ma kēia ʻano ʻo The Farm.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole maʻalahi kēlā ʻano maoli. Ua hana ʻo Miró i ka pena no 8 mau hola i kēlā me kēia lā no 9 mahina. Ua kūʻai ʻia ka hana e Ernest Hemingway no 5000 francs. ʻO ka holomua mua, me nā mea.

Ua kākau ʻia kāna kiʻi ponoʻī ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻatikala ma ke ʻano o ka poetic realism. ʻIke mākou i kēlā me kēia wrinkle a me kēlā me kēia lei ma ka pālule o ka mea pena.

Akā, ua manaʻo ka mea pena i kahi hopena make. A ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia ma kona ʻāina hānau ʻaʻohe ona wahi e ulu hou ai.

manaʻo hoʻopalekana

I ka makahiki 1921, ua neʻe ʻo Miró i Paris, kahi i hui ai a hui pū me nā surrealists. A ke hoʻololi nei ʻo Miro i kona ʻano no ke kolu o ka manawa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma lalo o ka mana o surrealism.

Ke neʻe nui nei ʻo ia mai ka kikoʻī ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo. Hoʻohui ʻo Miro i nā ʻano maoli a me nā ʻano abstract. Nā pōʻai, nā kiko, nā mea like me ke ao. E like me ka pena "Head of a Catalan peasant".

ʻO “Head of a Catalan Peasant” kekahi o nā kiʻi pena kiʻi loa o Miró i kēlā manawa. Ua kākoʻo ʻo ia i nā ʻōlelo hoʻomakeʻa ʻana mai kāna mau haʻalulu. ʻO ka mea i loaʻa iā ia ma Sepania me ke kua o ka wī.

Akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka hihia. ʻIke mākou i nā laina maopopo e hana ana i kiʻi. Ua laina nā mea a pau. ʻO kekahi ʻano, ʻaʻole kūpono kēlā ʻano hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ka ʻōlelo noʻonoʻo ʻole o ka ʻike ʻole o kekahi.

I nā makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hana ʻia ka pena "Harlequin Carnival".

ʻAʻole anei ʻoe e manaʻo ua like loa ia me The Farm? ʻO ka puʻu o nā kikoʻī like i hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia no nā hola. ʻO kēia mau kikoʻī wale nō ka mea kupanaha, i ka ʻuhane o surrealism.

Ua hele mai ʻo Miro i kahi hoʻokahi, e hoʻohui wale ana i kahi surrealism nani. A ua makemake ka lehulehu o Farani. I ka hopena, ua lanakila. Kūkākūkā lākou iā ia, haʻi lākou iā ia i kumu hoʻohālike, nānā lākou iā ia.

I ka makahiki 1929, male ʻo Joan Miro. He kaikamahine kana. Kākoʻo piha ʻo ia i kona ʻohana me kāna hana. ʻO kēia ka mea i hoʻokuʻikahi iā ia me kona mau mākua. ʻO wai ka mea i ʻike i ke ola o kā lāua keiki ma ke ʻano he mea pena.

Mai ka makahiki 1936 a hiki i ka makahiki 1939 he paio kīwila ma Sepania. Pane ka mea pena i kēia mau hanana me nā hana ʻelua: ka monumental "Reaper" (i kēia manawa nalowale) a me "Still Life with a Old Shoe".

Hōʻike ʻia nā mea maʻamau i kahi ʻālohilohi maoli ʻole, me he mea lā ua hiki i ka mea pena ke hopu iā lākou i ka manawa o ka make.

A i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, ua hana ʻo Miró i kāna moʻolelo Constellation kaulana. Ua hiki mai ka holomua o ka honua. Ma keia mau hoku i ike nui ia. I loko o lākou,ʻikeʻia ka "Farm" lōʻihi.

Ke hoʻomau nei i nā hoʻokolohua

ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻo Joan Miro iā ia iho i ka abstract surrealism. Ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hoʻokolohua. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kekahi o kāna mau hana Paul Klee, kekahi ʻelele koʻikoʻi o ka modernism.

Hema: Joan Miro. Ka wanaʻao. 1968 ʻOhi pilikino. 2queens.ru. ʻĀkau: Paul Klee. ʻEkolu pua. 1920 Paul Klee Center ma Bern, Switzerland. Rothko-pollock.ru.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, liʻiliʻi ka like o kēia mau hana. Nā kiko kala nui i ke ʻano Gauguin. Akā ʻokoʻa nā mea ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo ʻo Miro. Pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo nui e ʻike i ka wanaʻao maoli i kāna "Dawn". Akā ʻoi aku ka kikoʻī o Klee. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻike maopopo i nā pua.

I ka pau ʻana o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, ua ʻike ʻo Joan Miro i kāna moeʻuhane kahiko o ke kiʻi monumental: hana ʻo ia i kahi pā pā ma ka hale ʻaina o ka Hotel Hilton.

Miro-sculptor

I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia ka hana a Miro a puni ka honua. Ma ke ʻano o nā kiʻi kiʻi kupanaha. Me he mea lā i hana ʻia e nā malihini.

ʻO ka mea kaulana loa o lākou ʻo "Woman and Bird" ma Barcelona a me "Miss Chicago" ma USA.

Hema: "Ka wahine a me ka manu". 1983 ʻO Joan Miro Park ma Barcelona. Ru.wikipedia.org. ʻĀkau: Miss Chicago. 1981 Downtown Chicago Loop, USA. TripAdvisor.ru.

ʻO kēia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, nā kiʻi kiʻi nui, kēlā me kēia ma lalo o 20 m. He mau kiʻi kiʻi liʻiliʻi ko Miro, 1,5 kiʻekiʻe kanaka. E like me "Character" no ka laʻana. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kope o kāna mea kākau a puni ka honua.

I ka makahiki 1975, ua wehe ʻia ka Joan Miro Foundation, i kēia manawa he 14 mau hana a ka haku.

Manaʻo wau ʻo Miro kekahi o nā mea hana kiʻi liʻiliʻi o nā manawa āpau i hoʻokō i kāna mau manaʻo āpau. ʻOiai ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i kāna hana a hiki i ka lā hope o kona ola lōʻihi.

Ua make ka mea pena i ka makahiki 1983 ma kona home ma Palma de Mallorca i ka makahiki 90.

ʻO Joan Miro ma Rusia

ʻAʻole kūʻai nā hale hōʻikeʻike Lūkini i kāna mau hana. No laila, hoʻokahi wale nō hana "Composition", hāʻawi ʻia i ka makahiki 1927 e ka mea pena kiʻi ponoʻī, mālama ʻia ma Rusia.

Aia ka nui o kāna mau hana i loko o nā hōʻiliʻili pilikino, i loaʻa i ka lehulehu i kekahi manawa. Akā naʻe, e aʻo i kāna hana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hele i Sepania a me Farani.

E hōʻuluʻulu kākou

- ʻO Joan Miro kekahi o nā mākaʻikaʻi o ka modernism. Me Pablo Picasso a me Paul Klee.

- Ua loli nui ke ʻano o Miro i nā manawa he nui. Ma kēia ʻo ia ka lua wale nō i ka Picasso multifaceted. Ua lawa ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻāpana like i nā makahiki like ʻole. Eia kekahi laʻana, ka makuahine.

Hema: Ka makuahine. 1908 Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Marasel, Sepania. ʻĀkau: Ka makuahine. 1924 National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh. Rothko-pollock.ru.

- Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Joan Miro he surrealist. He nui kāna mau hana i kūpono ʻole ke poʻo inoa me ke kiʻi. ʻO kahi ʻenehana punahele a ka poʻe surrealists.

A ʻo nā inoa ponoʻī he mea lapuwale, akā poʻiʻo loa. “Ka ʻakaʻaka o nā ʻēheu lapalapa”…

- ʻO Miro kekahi o nā mea pena kiʻi liʻiliʻi i hoʻāʻo i ka kūleʻa a kaulana i ko lākou ola ʻana. Nui kona hoʻoilina. Kūʻai pinepine ʻia kāna hana ma nā kudala.

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Kiʻi kiʻi nui: Joan Miro. Kiʻi ponoʻī. 1919 Picasso Museum, Paris. autoritratti.wordpress.com.