Lapis lazuli - he hōʻuluʻulu ʻike

Lapis lazuli, ma keʻano he pōhaku makamae i hoʻohanaʻia i nā mea nani, ua kaulana ia i waena o nā mea aloha i nā mea nani i hanaʻia mai nā mea kūlohelohe. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka hanohano, ikaika ʻO kaʻulaʻula a hele maikaʻi me ke kālā a me ke gula. Ua waiwai ʻia i ka wā kahiko - ua noʻonoʻo ʻia pōhaku o nā akua a me nā aliʻi a ua hoʻopili ʻia nā mea hoʻōla. He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka lapis lazuli a he aha ka ʻike e pili ana i kēia pōhaku?

Lapis lazuli: waiwai a me ka hanana

Lapis lazuli no pōhaku metamorphicka hopena o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka limestone a i ʻole dolomite. Ua kapa hewa ia i kekahi manawa lapis lazuli - ʻO Feldspar kahi mineral mai ka hui o nā silicates (silicic acid salts), ʻo ia kāna mea nui. ʻO nā pūhui sulfur i loko o ka pōhaku ke kuleana o ke ʻano uliuli o ka pōhaku. Ua pili pū ka inoa o ka pōhaku me kona kala kū hoʻokahi - i haku ʻia me ka Latin ("pōhaku") A ʻo ka lua o ka mea mai ʻAlapia a me Peresia, ʻo ia hoʻi "cyan''ka lewa".

pōhaku lapis lazuli he pōhaku ʻili maikaʻi me kahi ʻano paʻa, ʻano palupalu, e hana nui ʻia ma ke kinikini a me ka carnassus. Aia nā waihona kūlohelohe nui loa ma Afghanistan, kahi Ua ʻeli ʻia ka lapis lazuli ma mua o 6 mau makahiki. Loaʻa ka pōhaku ma Rusia, Chile, USA, South Africa, Burma, Angola, Rwanda a me Italia. ʻO nā mea waiwai nui i manaʻo ʻia he pōhaku ʻeleʻele, kahi i ʻike ʻia e kahi kala ikaika, hoʻohele like ʻia.

Lapis lazuli, a i ʻole pōhaku kapu o ka poʻe kahiko

Makahiki o ka nani loa"pōhaku lani“He wā kahiko kēia. ʻO Lapis lazuli ma Mesopotamia kahiko - ma Sumer, a laila ma Babulona, ​​Akkad a me ʻAsuria - ua manaʻo ʻia he pōhaku o nā akua a me nā aliʻi a ua hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā mea hoʻomana, nā mea nani, nā sila a me nā mea kani. Ua manaʻo ka poʻe Sumerians ua hoʻonani kēia pōhaku i ka ʻāʻī o kekahi o nā akua wahine koʻikoʻi o ka moʻolelo Mesopotamia - ʻo Ishtar, ke akua wahine o ke kaua a me ke aloha - i kāna huakaʻi i ka ʻāina o ka poʻe make. Ua kaulana ʻo Lapis lazuli ma ʻAigupita kahiko i ka wā o nā pharaohs. ʻO ia kekahi o nā pōhaku i hoʻonani i ka maka gula kaulana o Tutankhamen, e uhi ana i ka maka o kahi mummy i ka hale kupapaʻu o ka pharaoh, i loaʻa ma ke awāwa o nā aliʻi.

I ka lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka lapis lazuli i ke kuleana o kahi aphrodisiac. Ua manaʻo ʻia he pili kēia pōhaku i ke kino. hoonanea i hooluolu, hoʻonui i ka ikaika o nā lima a me nā wāwae, hoʻomaha i ke kaumaha a me ka insomnia, kākoʻo i ka ʻōnaehana pale a loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi i nā sinuses. Ua hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻAigupita i ke kuni, ka ʻeha, ka ʻeha (me ka ʻeha menstrual), ka hānō, a me ke kiʻekiʻe.

Lapis lazuli - ma hea e hoʻohana ʻia ai?

Ma waho aʻe o kāna hana hoʻonaninani a me ka hoʻonaninani, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka "pōhaku lani" no nā kumu ʻē aʻe i nā kenekulia. Ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā dyes synthetic, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia XNUMX, lapis lazuli ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he puaʻa ma hope o ka wili ʻanahana ma lalo o ka inoa ultramarine, no ka hana ʻana i nā pena i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻaila a me ka pena fresco. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia i ka wā e nānā ana i nā kiʻi pōhaku prehistoric. I kēia lā, waiwai nui ka lapis lazuli ma ke ʻano he pōhaku hōʻiliʻili a me nā mea maka i hana ʻia ai nā ʻano mea nani (pōhaku makamae) - mai nā kiʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā kiʻi i nā mea nani.

I nā mea nani, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lapis lazuli mau pōhaku semiprecious. Hoʻohui pū me ke kālā a me ke gula, a me nā pōhaku makamae a me nā pōhaku semi-makamae. ʻO ka mea mua, hana ʻia nā apo kālā nani, nā pendants gula a me nā apo pepeiao lapis lazuli. Nā pōhaku i loaʻa nā ʻāpana pyrite ʻālohilohi. I ka huli ʻana, hoʻemi ʻia ka waiwai e ka ulu ʻana o ka calcite - keʻokeʻo a hina paha.

Pehea e mālama ai i nā kāhiko lapis lazuli?

ʻO Lapis lazuli he pōhaku wela., nā ʻakika a me nā kemika, me ke kopa, malalo o ka mana e mae. E hoʻomanaʻo e wehe i nā mea nani me kēia pōhaku ma mua o ka holoi ʻana i kou mau lima a hana i nā hana o ka hale. Ma muli o kona palupalu pili i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pōhaku ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea nani, pono e mālama pono ʻia nā mea nani lapis lazuli, e pale ʻia mai ka pōʻino mechanical. Inā pono, hiki ke holoi ʻia nā mea nani lapis lazuli me kahi lole palupalu i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai.

Makemake ʻoe i ka pōhaku lapis lazuli? Heluhelu pū:

• Na lei a ka Moiwahine Pu-Abi

• Hikina-komohana apo