He ʻulaʻula ʻo Ruby

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o kahi ruby ​​e pili ana i kāna kumukūʻai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke kala. ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka ruby ​​​​mai ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a i ka ʻeleʻele ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻO ke kala waiwai nui a makemake ʻia he ʻulaʻula koko hohonu me kahi ʻulaʻula iki. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Burmese a i ʻole "" (ke koko nūnū).  Pono nā rubi e loaʻa ka mālamalama maikaʻi e kūpono i kahi pōhaku makamae. ʻOiaʻiʻo, he mea koʻikoʻi ka nani o ka pōhaku, akā ʻo ka ruby ​​​​crystals he matte ma mua o ka polishing. ʻO kahi ʻoki kūpono wale nō, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke alo, hāʻawi i nā rubi i ka ʻulaʻula kūpono, a ʻo nā mea wale nō i loaʻa i ke ʻano e hāʻawi i ke kala. ʻO nā kumukūʻai no nā rubi kūlohelohe nani i hiki i $100 no ka carat. ʻO ke kumukūʻai, ʻo ka ruby ​​​​ kekahi o nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi i hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka waiwai e ka hoʻopili kūpono. Hiki i nā kāma'a wili rutile li'ili'i ke ho'ohālike i ka mālamalama i ke'ano e'ike'ia ai ka hopena hōkū ma ka pōhaku.  

He hōʻailona mau ka ruby ​​o ke aloha a me ka makemake.No laila, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha i kaulana loa nā mea nani ruby. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, he pōhaku makamae ka ruby, no laila pono e hui pū ʻia me kahi metala makamae. ʻO ke gula melemele, ke gula keʻokeʻo, ke gula rose a i ʻole ka platinum - ua hui maikaʻi kēia mau metala āpau me ka corundum ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā apo ruby ​​​​maʻamau a i ʻole nā ​​​​pepeiao ruby ​​​​he makana no kēlā me kēia manawa, a ʻo nā rubi nui me ka liʻiliʻi o nā inclusions hiki ke lilo i miliona miliona. Ua ʻoki ʻia kēia corundum ʻulaʻula nani e like me ke daimana, akā ʻo ka pinepine o ka nui o ka pōhaku ka "lalo" o ka pōhaku, no laila e ʻike ʻia ka ruby ​​​​o ka nui like ma mua o ke daimana. ʻIke pinepine ʻia me ka ʻoki poepoe nani. ʻO Ruby ka pōhaku kūpono no ka lole o kēlā me kēia lā.akā naʻe, pono e hoʻomanaʻo i kekahi mau kikoʻī: e pale i ka pili ʻana me nā kemika a ʻaʻole e wehe i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā apo ruby ​​a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea nani ruby ​​​​me kahi pulupulu niho palupalu a me ka wai kopa maʻemaʻe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ultrasonic no nā hopena maikaʻi loa. Ma waho aʻe o nā mea nani, hoʻohana ʻia nā rubi i ka hana wati, e hana i nā bearings wati. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hana i nā mea o nā mea hana refractory, a ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka wela a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā mandrels o nā mīkini ana.  

32.4 miliona kālā - ka nui i kūʻai ʻia ai ke apo ruby. He 25.59 karata ke kaumaha o ka pohaku, he $1,266,901 no ka carat. Ua kūʻai ʻia ke kūʻai aku ma Mei 12 a hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi moʻolelo kumu kūʻai hou no ka pōhaku kala.

Star ruby, cabochon cut (flat bottom, convex hill) - Rosser Reeves star 138,72 carats, loaʻa ma Sri Lanka. Aia i kēia manawa ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Natural History (Smithsonian Institution) ma Wakinekona.

Ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Elizabeth Taylor i kahi apo ruby ​​​​a me daimana. (kiʻi ʻākau) Ua hana ʻia kahi makana leʻaleʻa mai Richard Burton lāua ʻo Harry Winston i nā kāmahu nani no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka makahiki 50 o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni "The Wizard of Oz". (kiʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao hema) ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hōʻole i ka haʻi ʻana i ke Kamāliʻiwahine Mary o Denmark, nona ka tiara nani kupaianaha me nā rubi a me kahi lei ruby ​​​​kamahaʻo.

ʻO nā rubi synthetic, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mea like ʻole o ka rubi.

ʻO ka ruby ​​synthetic, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana mea hoʻonaninani, ua hana ʻia ma ka huli ʻana o nā kenekulia XNUMXth a me XNUMXth. Ua hana ʻia kēia e ka mea lapaʻau Farani ʻo Verneuil, akā naʻe, hilinaʻi ʻo ia i ka noiʻi ʻana o kona mau mua. E like me ka hana ʻana i nā sapphi synthetic, nui nā ʻano. Nui nā ʻoihana i kā lākou mau ʻano ponoʻī a lākou e pale ai a hōʻike ʻole i kekahi. Eia naʻe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka ruby ​​synthetic i ʻelua ʻano o nā ʻano. ʻO ka hana ʻana o Fusion, kahi e hoʻomehana ʻia ai kahi mea pauka i kahi kūlana wai a laila paʻa i loko o kahi ʻano crystalline. ʻO ka lua o ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i kahi "hoʻonā" kahi e koi ʻia ai ka alumina, ʻaʻohe kala, a me ka chromium, ka mea e hāʻawi i ke kala. Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka alumina a me ka chromium i kahi mea ʻē aʻe a kau ʻia i ka crystallization. ʻO nā ʻano Verneuil a me Chochralski nā ʻano hana maʻamau no ka hana ʻana i nā rubi mai nā mea pauka. ʻO keʻano ulu hydrothermal a me keʻano o ka uluʻana o ke kahe ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohanaʻia i ka hanaʻana o ka "solution".

Synthetic ruby ​​- kumu kūʻai

ʻO ke ʻano o ka "flame melting" a Verneuil e hoʻopuka i nā rubi haʻahaʻa loa, i hoʻohana ʻia i nā bearings a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea nani loa. Hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano Chochralski, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Pulled Ruby, no nā lasers, a kiʻi lākou i kahi kumukūʻai ma kahi o $5 no ka carat. ʻO Flux Growth rubies ke kumukūʻai ma kahi o $50 no ka carat a hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea nani, ʻoiai ke ʻano hydrothermal, ʻaʻole maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi i nā ʻoihana kahi e koi ʻia ai nā kristal degreased.

Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka ruby ​​synthetic mai ka mea maoli?

ʻO ke ala maʻalahi, ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia ma lalo o kahi microscope, e hōʻike mai iā mākou i nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā inclusions, bubbles a me nā paʻi. Me nā mea hana pono, ʻaʻole hiki i ka gemologist maikaʻi ke haʻi i kahi pōhaku i hana ʻia mai kahi mea maoli, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke haʻi i kahi ʻāpana o ka honua i hele mai ai ka pōhaku, inā he kūlohelohe ia, a ma ke ʻano he aha ia. ua hanaia, ina he mea maoli. synthetic. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā rubies synthetic a i ʻole like me nā pōhaku maoli. ʻAʻole e hana ka Nature i pōhaku kūpono, no laila, inā mākou e pili ana i hoʻokahi wale nō a nani ke kumukūʻai, e makaʻala a manaʻo ʻia he pōhaku synthetic.  

E nānā i kā mākou ʻohi ʻike e pili ana i nā pōhaku makamae a pau hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea nani

• Daimana / Daimana
• ʻO ka Rubin
• amethyst
• Aquamarine
• Kaute
• ametrine
• Sapphira
• Emerald
• Topaz
• ʻO Tsimofan
• Jadeite
• morganite
• uwē
• Peridot
• Alexandrite
• Heliodora