Pemphigus

ʻO Pemphigus Nānā

ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Pemphigus kahi maʻi e hoʻohua ai ka ʻili ma ka waha, ka ihu, ka puʻu, nā maka a me nā ʻōpū. He kakaikahi ka maʻi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

ʻO Pemphigus kahi maʻi autoimmune kahi e hoʻopiʻi hewa ai ka ʻōnaehana pale i nā sela ma ka papa luna o ka ʻili (epidermis) a me nā membrane mucous. Hoʻokumu ka poʻe me kēia maʻi i nā antibodies e kūʻē i nā desmogleins, nā protein e hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻili ʻili i kekahi i kekahi. Ke hoʻopau ʻia kēia mau mea paʻa, lilo ka ʻili i palupalu a hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ka wai ma waena o kona mau papa, e hana ana i nā blisters.

Nui nā ʻano pemphigus, akā ʻo nā mea nui ʻelua:

• ʻO Pemphigus vulgaris, ka mea maʻamau e pili i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous, e like me ka loko o ka waha.
• ʻO Pemphigus foliaceus, pili wale i ka ʻili.

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ka pemphigus, akā i nā manawa he nui hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Loaʻa iā wai ka pemphigus?

Loaʻa paha ʻoe i ka pemphigus inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau mea pilikia. Aia kēia me:

• ʻAno lāhui. ʻOiai e ulu ana ka pemphigus ma waena o nā lāhui a me nā lāhui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o kekahi mau ʻano o ka maʻi. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka poʻe o ka poʻe Iudaio (ʻoi loa ʻo Ashkenazi), India, ʻEulopa Hema, a i ʻole Middle East i ka pemphigus vulgaris.
• Kūlana ʻāina. ʻO Pemphigus vulgaris ka ʻano maʻamau ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka pemphigus foliaceus ma kekahi mau wahi, e like me kekahi mau wahi kuaʻāina o Brazil a me Tunisia.
• Ke kāne a me ka makahiki. Loaʻa pinepine nā wahine i ka pemphigus vulgaris ma mua o nā kāne, a ʻo ka makahiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana ma waena o 50 a 60 mau makahiki. Hoʻopili like ka Pemphigus foliaceus i nā kāne a me nā wahine, akā i kekahi mau heluna kanaka, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hopena o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻOiai ʻo ka makahiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pemphigus foliaceus ma waena o 40 a 60 mau makahiki, ma kekahi mau wahi hiki ke hoʻomaka nā hōʻailona i ka wā kamaliʻi.
• Genes. Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi i kekahi mau heluna ma muli o ka genetics. No ka laʻana, hōʻike nā hōʻike e pili ana kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i loko o kahi ʻohana o nā genes ʻōnaehana pale i kapa ʻia ʻo HLA me ka piʻi nui o ka pemphigus vulgaris a me ka pemphigus foliaceus.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, loaʻa ka pemphigus ma muli o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me kekahi mau lāʻau antibiotic a me nā lāʻau koko. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa kahi hui kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo thiol ua pili pū ʻia me pemphigus.
• Ka ma'i 'a'ai. I nā hihia liʻiliʻi, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi i ka ulu ʻana o kahi ʻōpū, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ulu ʻana o kahi lymph node, tonsil a i ʻole thymus gland.

Nā ʻano pemphigus

ʻElua mauʻano nui o ka pemphigus, a ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia lākou ma muli o ka papa o kaʻili kahi i hanaʻia ai nā'ōpū a me kahi o nā'ōpū ma ke kino. ʻO ke ʻano o nā antibodies e hoʻouka i nā ʻili ʻili e kōkua pū i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka pemphigus.

ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua o ka pemphigus:

• Pemphigus vulgaris ʻo ia ka ʻano maʻamau ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā blisters ma ka waha a ma nā ʻāpana mucous ʻē aʻe, a me ka ʻili. Hoʻoulu lākou i loko o nā papa hohonu o ka epidermis a ʻeha pinepine. Aia kekahi ʻano ʻano o ka maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo pemphigus vegetans, kahi i hana mua ʻia ai nā blisters ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻāʻī.
• Pemphigus lau He mea liʻiliʻi a pili wale i ka ʻili. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻōpala ma nā papa luna o ka epidermis a ʻeha a ʻeha paha.

ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole o ka pemphigus:

• Paraneoplastic pemphigus. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano e nā ʻeha i loko o ka waha a me nā lehelehe, akā maʻamau ka ulu ʻana o nā blisters a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻeha ʻeha ma ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kēia ʻano ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia māmā. ʻO ka poʻe me kēia ʻano maʻi maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻokoʻa, a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ka maʻi inā wehe ʻia ke ʻokiʻoki.
• IgA pemphigus. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻano e kahi ʻano antibody i kapa ʻia ʻo IgA. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​pimples i nā hui a i ʻole nā ​​apo ma ka ʻili.
• Pemphigus lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me kekahi mau lāʻau antibiotic a me nā lāʻau no ke koko, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa i kahi hui kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo thiol, hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻeha e like me ka pemphigus. E pau nā ʻeha a me nā ʻeha ke hoʻōki ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻokoʻa ka pemphigoid mai ka pemphigo akā aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau. ʻO ka Pemphigoid ka mea i ʻoki ʻia ma ka hui ʻana o ka epidermis a me nā dermis lalo, a loaʻa i nā ʻōpū hohonu a paʻakikī ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe maʻalahi.

Nā hōʻailona Pemphigus

ʻO ka hōʻailona nui o ka pemphigus ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā blisters ma ka ʻili a, i kekahi mau hihia, ma nā mucous membranes e like me ka waha, ka ihu, ka ʻāʻī, nā maka a me nā genital. He palupalu nā ʻōpuʻu a poha, e hōʻeha ana i nā ʻeha. Hiki i nā ʻōpala ma ka ʻili ke hui pū, e hana i nā ʻāpana ʻōpala i hiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi a hoʻopuka i ka wai nui. Hoʻololi iki nā hōʻailona ma muli o ke ʻano o ka pemphigus.

• Pemphigus vulgaris Hoʻomaka pinepine ka ʻōpū ma ka waha, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka ʻili. Hiki i ka ʻili ke maʻalahi a ʻili ke ʻomi ʻia me ka manamana lima. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā mucous membrane e like me ka ihu, ka ʻāʻī, nā maka a me nā ʻōpū.

  Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻōpala i loko o ka epidermis a ʻeha pinepine.

• Pemphigus lau pili wale i ka ʻili. Hōʻike mua ʻia nā ʻōpala ma ka maka, ke poʻo, ka umauma, a i ʻole ke kua i luna, akā i ka wā lōʻihi, hiki ke laha i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Hiki i nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia o ka ʻili ke ʻā a ʻili i nā papa a i ʻole nā ​​unahi. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻōpala ma nā papa luna o ka epidermis a hiki ke ʻeha a ʻeha paha.

Nā kumu o ka pemphigus

ʻO Pemphigus kahi maʻi autoimmune e kū nei i ka wā e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale i ka ʻili olakino. ʻO nā molekole immune i kapa ʻia nā antibodies e hoʻopaʻa i nā protein i kapa ʻia nā desmogleins, e kōkua i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻili ʻili kokoke i kekahi. Ke hoʻopau ʻia kēia mau mea paʻa, lilo ka ʻili i palupalu a hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ka wai ma waena o nā papa o nā cell, e hana i nā blisters.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, mālama ka ʻōnaehana pale i ke kino mai nā maʻi a me nā maʻi. ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe noiʻi i ke kumu e hoʻohuli ai ka ʻōnaehana immune i nā protein ponoʻī o ke kino, akā manaʻoʻiʻo lākou e pili pū ana nā ʻano genetic a me nā mea kūlohelohe. Hiki i kekahi mea i loko o ke kaiapuni ke hoʻoulu i ka pemphigus i ka poʻe i pilikia ma muli o ko lākou predisposition genetic. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka pemphigus e kahi ʻōpū a i ʻole kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.