Tourmaline

No ke kauoha, hana mākou i nā mea nani mai ka tourmaline kala a i ʻole elbaite i ke ʻano o ka lei, apo, apo pepeiao, kūpeʻe lima a pendant.

E kūʻai i ka tourmaline kūlohelohe i kā mākou hale kūʻai

ʻO Tourmaline kahi mineral boron silicate crystalline. ʻO kekahi mau micronutrients he aluminika, hao, a me ka magnesium, sodium, lithium a me ka potassium. Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā pōhaku makamae semi-makamae. hele mai i loko o ka laulā o nā waihoʻoluʻu.

elbaite

Hoʻopuka ʻo Elbaite i ʻekolu pūʻulu: dravite, fluoride coated a me schorl. Ma muli o kēia mau pūʻulu, nā specimens me kahi ʻano kūpono, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ma ke ʻano.

Ma keʻano he pōhaku makamae, he lālā i makemake nuiʻia elbaite o ka hui tourmaline ma muli o keʻano a me ka hohonu o ke kala a me ka maikaʻi o nā kristal. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ma ka mokupuni ʻo Elba ma Italia i ka makahiki 1913, ua ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi he nui o ka honua. I ka makahiki 1994, ua ʻike ʻia kahi wahi nui ma Kanada.

ʻO ka hoʻonaʻauao

Wahi a ka lexicon Tamil ma Madras, loaʻa ka inoa mai ka huaʻōlelo Sinhalese "thoramalli", kahi hui o nā pōhaku i loaʻa ma Sri Lanka. Wahi a ke kumu hoʻokahi, ʻo ka Tamil "thuvara-malli" mai kahi kumu Sinhalese. Lawe ʻia kēia etymology mai nā puke wehewehe ʻōlelo maʻamau, me ka Oxford English Dictionary.

moʻolelo mōʻaukala

Ua lawe ʻia mai nā tourmaline vibrant mai Sri Lanka i ʻEulopa i ka nui e ka Dutch East India Company e hoʻokō i ka noi no nā ʻike a me nā pōhaku. I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike he mineral like ka schorl a me tourmaline. ʻAʻole hiki i ka makahiki 1703 i ʻike ʻia kekahi o nā pōhaku ʻulaʻula he zirconia ʻole cubic.

Ua kapa ʻia nā pōhaku i kekahi manawa ʻo "Ceylon magnets" no ka mea, ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai pyroelectric, hiki iā lākou ke huki a hoʻolei i ka lehu wela. I ke kenekulia XNUMX, ua hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​​​mea kemika i nā kukui me nā kristal, e hoʻolei ana i nā kukuna ma ka ʻili o kahi pōhaku.

Lapaʻau tourmaline

No kekahi mau pōhaku makamae, ʻoi aku ka ʻulaʻula a i ka ʻulaʻula, hiki i ka mālama wela ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou kala. Hiki ke hoʻomāmā i ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā pōhaku ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele. Hiki i ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukuna gamma a i ʻole nā ​​​​electrons ke hoʻonui i ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula o ka pōhaku i loko o ka manganese mai kahi ʻeleʻele ʻole a i ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.

ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i nā tourmaline a ʻaʻole pili i ka waiwai i kēia manawa. Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o kekahi mau pōhaku e like me Rubelite a me Brazilian Paraiba, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea i loko o nā pōhaku. Ma o ka palapala hoʻokolohua. ʻO ka pōhaku bleached, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano ʻano Paraiba, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka pōhaku maoli like.

kālaihonua

ʻO ka granite, ka pegmatites a me nā pōhaku metamorphic he mau pōhaku e like me ka slate a me ke kinikini.

Ua loaʻa iā mākou nā tourmaline schorl a me nā granite waiwai nui o ka lithium, a me nā pegmatites granitic. ʻO ka pāpaʻi a me ke kinikini wale nō ka waiho ʻana o nā pōhaku waiwai a me nā dravites. He mineral paa loa. Hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me nā hua i loko o ke one a me ka conglomerate.

Nā hoʻonohonoho

ʻO Brazil a me ʻApelika ke kumu nui o nā pōhaku. ʻO kekahi mau mea napkin kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pōhaku makamae mai Sri Lanka. Ma waho aʻe o Brazil; ʻO Tanzania nā kumu hana, a me Nigeria, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka a me Malawi.

ʻO ka waiwai o ka tourmaline a me nā waiwai ho'ōla

He pseudo-scientific ka ʻāpana aʻe a ma muli o nā manaʻo moʻomeheu.

Hoʻoikaika i ka hilinaʻi iā ia iho a hoʻemi i ka hopohopo. Hoʻoulu ka pōhaku i ka hoʻoikaika, ke aloha, ka hoʻomanawanui a me ka pōmaikaʻi. Hoʻohālikelike i ka ʻāpana ʻākau-hema o ka lolo. Kōkua ia i ka mālama ʻana i ka paranoia, hakakā i ka dyslexia a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻonohonoho lima-maka.

pōhaku tourmaline

ʻO nā pōhaku ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo watermelon ka pōhaku hānau o ʻOkakopa. ʻO nā pōhaku bicolor a me pleochroic nā pōhaku punahele o nā mea hoʻolālā nani no ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana nani. ʻAʻole kēia ka pōhaku kumu o ʻOkakopa. Ua hoʻohui ʻia i ka hapa nui o nā papa inoa pōhaku hānau ma 1952.

Turmalin ma lalo o ka microskopem

NPP

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o ka tourmaline?

ʻIke ʻia ka pōhaku e kōkua i ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ke kaumaha, hoʻonui i ka makaʻala noʻonoʻo, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe koko, a hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana pale. He mea hoʻoheheʻe ikaika ia.

He pohaku makamae anei ka tourmaline?

He laulā nui loa ka waiwai. Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia nā kiʻi maʻamau, akā ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi o nā kala ʻokoʻa a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ke ʻano kumu kūʻai nui a waiwai nui ka ʻano neon blue ʻike ʻia ma lalo o ka inoa kālepa Paraiba tourmaline.

He aha ke kala tourmaline?

Nui kona kala. ʻO nā pōhaku makamae waiwai i ka hao he ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha, ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻano ʻano magnesium waiwai he ʻeleʻele a melemele, a hele mai nā lei kristal waiwai lithium i nā kala like ʻole: uliuli, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula, melemele, ʻulaʻula, etc. .

ʻEhia ke kumukūʻai o tourmaline?

Ua kaulana kēia mau pōhaku makamae i ka poʻe ʻohi, me nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe e kūʻai aku ana ma waena o $300 a me $600 no ka carat. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā kala ʻē aʻe, akā ʻoi aku ka waiwai o nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui.

ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke komo i ka tourmaline?

Nā pōhaku o nā kānaka i hānau ʻia i ʻOkakopa. Hāʻawi pū ʻia i ka makahiki 8 o ka male ʻana. Hana ia i nā lei, nā apo, nā pendants, nā kūpeʻe tourmaline…

He aha ka tourmaline no ka lauoho?

ʻO ka mineral boron silicate crystalline e kākoʻo ana i ke kaʻina hana maʻemaʻe o ka lauoho. Hoʻopuka ka pōhaku makamae i nā ion maikaʻi ʻole e kūʻē i nā ion maikaʻi i loaʻa i ka lauoho maloʻo a ʻeha paha. ʻO ka hopena, lilo ka lauoho i paheʻe a ʻālohilohi. Hiki i ka pōhaku ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka makū o ka lauoho a pale i nā kuʻi.

Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka tourmaline i kēlā me kēia lā?

Me ka paʻakikī o 7 a 7.5 ma ka pālākiō Mohs, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia pōhaku i kēlā me kēia lā akā me ka mālama. Inā he kanaka ʻoe e hana nui ana me kou mau lima, paipai mākou iā ʻoe e hōʻalo i ke komo ʻana i nā apo o kēlā me kēia ʻano e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka paʻi ʻana i kahi mea paʻakikī. ʻO nā apo pepeiao a me nā pendants he ala palekana inā makemake ʻoe e komo i nā mea nani i kēlā me kēia lā.

He aha ke kala tourmaline maikaʻi loa?

ʻO nā waihoʻoluʻu māmā a maʻemaʻe o ka ʻulaʻula, uliuli, a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka mea i manaʻo nui ʻia, akā ʻo ka electrifying, nā hue ʻōlinolino mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hiki i ka uliuli keleawe he mea kūʻokoʻa loa lākou i loko o kā lākou papa ponoʻī.

Pehea e ʻike ai i ka tourmaline hoʻopunipuni?

E nānā i kāu pōhaku i ke kukui ʻālohilohi. Hoʻololi iki nā pōhaku makamae i ka waihoʻoluʻu ma lalo o nā kukui artificial, e loaʻa ana i kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. Inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa kēia malu o kāu pōhaku ma lalo o ke kukui hana, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e nānā i ka pōhaku maoli.

Pehea ka ikaika o ka tourmaline?

Hiki i nā waiwai piezoelectric o ka pōhaku ke kōkua i ka polarize i nā manaʻo a me ka ikaika o ke kanaka ma o ka hoʻoili magnetoelectric i hana ʻia i ka wā e ʻānai ʻia ai ke aniani a wela paha.

Ua haki koke anei ka tourmaline?

He 7 a 7.5 ma ka pālākiō Mohs, no laila ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka haki. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau wahi o ke koʻikoʻi i loko o ke aniani e hiki ai ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, akā hiki ke hana nui kēia i ka wā e hana ai nā mea nani me ka pōhaku.

Pehea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i ka pōhaku tourmaline?

ʻO ka wai kopa mehana ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai. ʻAʻole paipai ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ultrasonic a me ka mahu.

ʻO tourmaline kūlohelohe no ke kūʻai aku ma kā mākou hale kūʻai pōhaku

Hana mākou i nā mea nani tourmaline e like me nā apo mare, nā lei, nā apo pepeiao, nā kūpeʻe lima, nā pendants… E ʻoluʻolu e kelepona mai iā mākou no kahi ʻōlelo.